Dogs and cats may both be beloved pets, but their bodies can process toxins very differently. A substance that might cause mild illness in a dog could be fatal to a cat, and vice versa. March is Pet Poison Prevention Month, making it the perfect time to highlight the risks that toxins pose to each species and what to do if your pet is exposed to something toxic. At Hefner Road Animal Hospital, we want to help pet owners understand how to keep both dogs and cats safe from toxins.

Toxicity Differences with Cats and Dogs

Each species, cats and dogs, can experience poisoning differently. Dogs tend to ingest larger amounts of toxins and are reportedly much more likely to swallow something toxic than cats. Due to their usually bigger size, however, dogs may also have a higher tolerance for toxins in small amounts than felines. Cats groom themselves more frequently, and they can be poisoned by licking their fur after exposure to harmful substances, such as essential oils or antifreeze. There are also specific items, like lilies, that can be highly toxic to one species but not to the other.

Common Pet Poisons

There are many common toxins that cats and dogs may be exposed to in your home or outdoors.

• • Lilies: Extremely toxic to cats; even small amounts of pollen or water from a vase can cause fatal kidney failure.
  • Essential Oils: Certain essential oils can cause vomiting, drooling, tremors, and liver damage.
  • Xylitol (Artificial Sweetener in Gum and Candy): Causes rapid insulin release, leading to hypoglycemia and potential liver failure.
  • Chocolate: Can cause heart problems, seizures, and death.
  • Grapes and Raisins: Very toxic to dogs and can be toxic to cats; may lead to kidney damage and kidney failure.
  • Onions and Garlic: Damages red blood cells, leading to anemia and potential organ damage.

• Human Medications: Unless specifically prescribed by a veterinarian, pets can be poisoned by swallowing medications meant for human consumption.

• Household Cleaners: May cause drooling, vomiting, or intestinal damage.

For an extensive list of plants, foods, and household products that are toxic to dogs and cats, visit the ASPCA Poison Control website. Before buying new plants or feeding your pet human food, always consult with a veterinarian or vet-trusted online resources like the ASPCA.

Best Response Practices for Cat and Dog Poisoning 

If you suspect that your pet has been poisoned, you will want to respond quickly. Move your pet away from the toxin or take the toxic substance away. Do not administer human medications or induce vomiting without veterinary guidance. Contact your veterinarian or local emergency vet or call a pet poison control hotline immediately, such as the Pet Poison Helpline. Provide details about the toxin, the estimated amount that has been swallowed or spilled on the skin, and any symptoms that you have observed.

Protect Cats and Dogs from Poisoning in Oklahoma City

While both dogs and cats can be affected by toxic substances, their bodies react differently, meaning pet owners must take species-specific precautions. March is Pet Poison Prevention Month—an excellent time to review potential household hazards and keep your pets safe. If you have any concerns about potential toxins in your home, talk to the veterinarians at Hefner Road Animal Hospital.

Want to learn more about poison prevention for your dog or cat? Schedule an appointment today for expert guidance on keeping your pets safe from toxic substances. We proudly provide veterinary care for Oklahoma City, Bethany, Beacon Hill, and the surrounding areas.